Aristotle (384­322 B.C.) was a Greek philosopher and scientist. His 
philosophy is grounded in biology, where an individual’s outcome is the 
result of a built-in self-realization process. Aristotle proposed a new 
notion of causality, where numerous reasons help to explain an event. 
He hoped the possibility of numerous explanations would help strike a 
balance between the empirical strategies of science and the deductive 
strategies of philosophy.